#q363# Spanish Countermarked 4 maravedis coin of Philip IV, 1658 AD islamic - Head of Vulcan with

- Head of Vulcan with cap facing right

DN CONSTA-NS PF AVG

REFERENCE: Album 168

Roman silver denarius coin of Severus Alexander

ANTONINVS AVG PIVS PP TRP XV

#q363# Spanish Countermarked 4 maravedis coin of Philip IV, 1658 AD islamic - Head of Vulcan withWelcome to cc coins Up for auction is a Spanish Countermarked 4 maravedis coin of Philip IV, 16588 AD During the Spanish 80 year war, the empire suffered from an acute lack of copper due to increased demand for munitions (ie cannons). This crisis was compounded by background inflation (an ongoing concern given the influx of precious metals from the Americas since the 16th century) . In an attempt to address these issues, the government attempted to