Impairment of bone growth tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) In TD, the development of long bones is impaired, and abnormal cartilage development occurs
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In melanoma cells, MAPK signaling components have recently been reported to negatively regulate MITF nuclear localization and activity in melanoma cells: rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF) proteins, acting upstream of ERK, interact directly with MITF, causing its cytoplasmic retention and reduced transcriptional activity (Estrada et al, 2022), while MAPK/ERK signaling, in collaboration with glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), controls MITF nuclear export (Ngeow et al, 2018)
Animal data provides biological plausibility and mechanistic insights but cannot guarantee human efficacy
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