IV therapy, or intravenous nutrient therapy, involves infusing vitamins, minerals, and fluids directly into your veins
Sublingual administration, which bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, appears to be equally effective as IM injections while being less invasive and more cost-efficientparticularly in patients with atrophic gastritis, post-gastrectomy status, or conditions that impair intrinsic factor-mediated absorption, where long-term intervention is often required
Elderly individuals, who may have reduced B12 absorption due to age-related digestive changes, can also benefit from B12 injections
PLoS Pathog
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