they are peptide complexes formed by copper ions combined with tripeptides (GHK-Cu or AHK-Cu)
Vitamin D also increases the number of Treg cells that inhibit allergic skin reactions, and it exerts anti-inflammatory effects by limiting the overproduction of TNF- (226)
Furthermore, Figure 4D confirmed that H 2 O 2 increased the content of cellular ROS, while both targeting peptides obviously reduced the fluorescence intensity of the cellular ROS probe compared to that of GHK, especially RGD-GHK inhibited approximately 40% of ROS production
The results show that in human skin explants, treatment with CG significantly reduces the percentage of cells with a high melanin content, which suggests a depigmentation effect, and that in explants irradiated with UVA/UVB, treatment with CG increases the levels of components of the dermal extracellular matrix, such as collagen type 1, elastin and sulfated GAGs, components that had decreased in irradiated explants
Essential electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, and magnesium to optimize nerve and muscle function