Nevertheless, studies utilizing more specific biomarkers of vitamin B 12 status, including measures of holo-transcobalamin and methylmalonic acid, have shown more consistent results and a trend towards associations between poor vitamin B 12 status and faster cognitive decline and increased risk of Alzheimers disease (82-86)
Violante S, Ijlst L, Te Brinke H, Koster J, Tavares de Almeida I, Wanders RJA, et al
Consume excessive alcohol Have immune dysfunction Are older adults (see below for more on this) Have gastrointestinal disorders
Regulatory role of arginase I and II in nitric oxide, polyamine, and proline syntheses in endothelial cells
Severe anemia can result in heart failure, fainting, and death