The use of these substances for performance enhancementparticularly when administered in high doses or complex cycleshas been associated with a wide range of endocrine, metabolic, and cardiovascular disturbances, as well as psychological effects and the potential development of physical and psychological dependence ( 5 Reasons for the use of anabolicandrogenic steroids in amateur sports 5.1 Body image, masculinity, and social determinants A muscular and well-defined physique constitutes an important component of identity and self-esteem for many men ( In amateur sports, AAS use differs fundamentally from professional doping practices, as substances are typically consumed not to enhance competitive performance but to improve physical appearance and obtain social approval ( 5.2 Role of gym culture and social media Social interactions within gym environments may further reinforce AAS use by normalizing or encouraging such behaviours

When combined with CPAP therapy, patients experienced 62.8% reduction in irregular breathing patterns ^17
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Hydration and electrolyte issues can worsen these sensations
doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104431 104 LaniaASandriMTCelliniMMiraniMLavezziEMazziottiG