Peptides aren't just the talk of social media
In the SUSTAIN-6 trial, semaglutide was associated with a significant increased risk of diabetic retinopathy complications, including vitreous hemorrhage, blindness, or conditions requiring treatment with an intravitreal agent or photocoagulation (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.112.78) [27]
The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of OA by stimulation of specific signaling pathways like NF-B, PI3K/Akt, and MAPKs pathways
The single published case series showing symptomatic improvement following intra-articular BPC-157 injection for knee pain provides preliminary support for this indication, though the small sample size, retrospective design, and lack of imaging or biomarker assessment limit conclusions
Common injection sites include the abdomen, thighs, arms, and chin