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transferrin saturation below 20% suggests iron deficiency B12 and folate deficiency testing includes: Serum B12 (cobalamin) : Levels below 148 pmol/L are considered deficient, whilst 148258 pmol/L may indicate possible deficiency requiring further assessment Serum folate or red cell folate : Often tested alongside B12 as deficiencies can coexist Full blood count : May show macrocytic (large) red blood cells, though this is not always present Holotranscobalamin : Some UK laboratories use this as an initial or confirmatory test for B12 status Blood samples are usually taken in the morning, and fasting is not typically required, though your GP will provide specific instructions

Karl Steinmetz and Tomas Lankenau for their English review of the manuscript and Jess Ortiz Urbina for his generous help

Certain conditions like polycythemia warrant caution

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This covers the administration only