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In addition, both riboflavin and PLP are essential determinants of the kynurenine pathway which influence glutamate receptors, hence, glutamate excitotoxicity potential, as shown in Section Riboflavin as a Determinant of the Kynurenine Pathway. Concerning PD, glutamate excitotoxicity contributes to dopaminergic neuronal loss (84)
This is also due to the direct proximity of immune cells, located under the layer of intestinal epithelial cells [1, 2]
Front Plant Sci 6:1143 Singh R, Singh S, Parihar P, Mishra RK, Tripathi DK, Singh VP, Chauhan DK, Prasad SM (2016b) Reactive oxygen species (ROS): beneficial companions of plants developmental processes
Antimicrobial peptides, nanotechnology, and natural metabolites as novel approaches for cancer treatment