Mar 1990;17(3):395-398
[DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 145
OVULATION INDUCTION (Female Models) Assisted Reproductive Technologies Ovulatory Trigger Timing: Administration when dominant follicle 18-20mm Dosage: 5,000-10,000 IU single dose Ovulation: 34-36 hours post-administration Mechanism: mimics natural LH surge Luteal Phase Support Dosage: 1500-2500 IU every 3-4 days Duration: 2 weeks post-ovulation Maintenance: corpus luteum progesterone production Alternative: exogenous progesterone (most common clinically) Controlled Superovulation Combination: FSH + hCG final maturation Models: IVF, assisted reproduction research Multiple follicles: synchronized development Precise timing: oocyte retrieval 34-36h post-hCG ADVANCED RESEARCH PROTOCOLS Dosage Male Models Rodents (Rats/Mice): Non-Human Primates Female Model Dosages Rodents: Rabbits/Primates: In Vitro Studies Primary Leydig Cells Concentration: 0.1-10 IU/mL (typically 1 IU/mL) Steroidogenesis: testosterone measurement ELISA 24-48h Gene expression: StAR, CYP11A1, 3-HSD (RT-qPCR) Viability: MTT, apoptosis (Annexin V) Signaling: Intracellular cAMP (ELISA/Radioimmunoassay) Granulosa cells Concentration: 1-10 IU/mL Luteinization: progesterone production Receptor expression: LHCGR, FSHR Proliferation: BrdU incorporation Testicular Explants: Organotypic culture: immature testicular tissue hCG: 0.5-5 IU/mL medium culture Maturation: seminiferous tubule development Spermatogenesis: Histological Analysis Reconstitution and Administration Methods hCG Preparation (Typically Lyophilized): Sales Presentation Lyophilized vial + diluent (bacteriostatic water or saline) Common concentrations: 5,000 IU, 10,000 IU per vial Reconstitution Protocol: Clean the stoppers on both vials with 70% alcohol Add diluent to the lyophilized hCG vial: 5,000 units 5mL 1,000 IU/mL 10,000 IU 10mL 1,000 IU/mL Slowly inject through the vial wall Gently swirl (DO NOT shake vigorously) Dissolving: 1-2 minutes, clear solution Verification: Clear, colorless solution Without particles or precipitate Discard if cloudy Storage: Administration Routes Intramuscular (IM) First choice, optimal bioavailability Subcutaneous (SC) Acceptable, bioavailability ~4050% IM Intraperitoneal (IP): Small rodents, preclinical research RESEARCH FAQ hCG vs
B., Ma, Q., Oh, J
GHK-Cu addresses both inflammation and tissue remodeling simultaneously
