Most rodent studies used: 10 micrograms/kg 100 micrograms/kg Administration routes varied by study: Intraperitoneal injection Subcutaneous injection Oral administration in drinking water Example reference: Sikiric et al., 2018 These dosages reflect controlled laboratory conditions and are not generalised outside experimental models
Comparison of methotrexate monotherapy with a combination of methotrexate and etanercept in active, early, moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (COMET): a randomised, double-blind, parallel treatment trial

Neuromodulatory systems code for the reward-prediction errors, and feedback connections from the response-selection stage mediate top-down attention effects The combined influence of feedback connections and neuromodulatory substances on plasticity enables powerful learning rules for the training of 'deep', multilayered neuronal networks Feedback connections project to cortical layers that are distinct from feedforward input, where they impinge on distal dendritic segments, separate excitatory neuronal populations or inhibitory interneurons Feedback connections gate plasticity in cortical pyramidal neurons by promoting NMDA-receptor-driven calcium entry into dendrites and by disinhibiting the cortical column through activation of vasoactive-intestinal-peptide-positive interneurons (among others) Synaptic tags are biochemical processes that make synapses eligible for plasticity

It remains a research compound that some clinics and individuals have begun using despite the lack of regulatory approval
Avoid use during pregnancy, cancer, or without medical supervision